1. Law• The following terms are set

1. Law
• The following terms are sets of LAWS established by different societies. A set of laws is often referred to as a CODE. They are often compared to one another on the Global Regents Exam.
- Code of Hammurabi (of Babylon) - the Ten Commandments
- the Twelve Tables - Justinian’s Code
- the Pillars of Emperor Asoka - Napoleonic Code
- Qin dynasty legalism

• Usually, the Global Regents Exam will not refer to the items on this list simply as “laws.” The following descriptions have been used instead:
- they established legal standards - they create a stable society
- they are rules of behavior - they are written legal systems
- they provided a written set of laws - they established legal principles
- they are standardized system of laws
- they are written rules for legal procedures

• The Code of Hammurabi was a major contribution to the development of civilization because it recorded existing laws for all to see.

• Know that the following quote comes from the Code of Hammurabi:
“...If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. If he has knocked out the teeth of a plebeian (commoner), he shall pay one-third of a mina of silver.”
This quote demonstrates that law sometimes distinguishes between social classes.

• Hammurabi’s code of laws and Qin dynasty legalism are similar in that both promoted the idea that harsh punishments for crimes will lead to a more orderly society.

• Justinian’s Code served as a model for European legal systems.
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1. One way in which the Code of Hammurabi, the Twelve Tables, and the Justinian Code are similar is that each
(1) legalized monotheistic beliefs (2) established legal standards
(3) provided records of economic activity (4) supported republican governments

2. •If a man has destroyed the eye of a free man, his own eye shall be destroyed.
•If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out.

These rules are based on the
(1) Analects of Confucius (2) Code of Hammurabi
(3) Ten Commandments (4) Koran (Qur’an)

3. The Pillars of Emperor Asoka of the Mauryan Empire and the Code of Hammurabi of Babylon are most similar to the
(1) ziggurats of Sumeria (2) map projections of Mercator
(3) Great Sphinx of the Egyptians (4) Twelve Tables of the Romans

4. . . .“If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. If he has knocked out the teeth of a plebeian (commoner), he shall pay one- third of a mina of silver.”. . . — Code of Hammurabi

Which statement is supported by this excerpt from Hammurabi’s code of laws?
(1) All men are equal under the law.
(2) Fines are preferable to physical punishment.
(3) Law sometimes distinguishes between social classes.
(4) Violence must always be punished with violence.

5. The Justinian Code is considered a milestone because it
(1) preserved many ancient Chinese legal decrees in writing
(2) served as a model for European legal systems
(3) became the first democratic constitution
(4) united Muslim and Roman thought 106-10

6. The Code of Hammurabi was a major contribution to the development of civilization because it
(1) treated citizens and slaves equally (2) ended all physical punishment
(3) recorded existing laws for all to see (4) rejected the principle of filial piety

7. One way in which the Twelve Tables and Justinian’s Code were similar is that both provided
(1) a standardized system of laws (2) a means of achieving social equality
(3) the freedom to pursue their own religion (4) the right to a public education

8. Hammurabi’s code of laws and Qin dynasty legalism are similar in that both promoted the idea that
(1) worship of leaders will maintain the power of an empire
(2) an informed citizenry will help maintain peace and prosperity
(3) equality of the people is the most important goal of government
(4) harsh punishments for crimes will lead to a more orderly society

9. Hammurabi’s Code, the Ten Commandments, and the Twelve Tables were all significant to their societies because they established
(1) democratic governments (2) official religions
(3) rules of behavior (4) economic systems


10. The Code of Hammurabi and the Twelve Tables were designed to
(1) create a stable society (2) promote peaceful relations with other cultures
(3) provide a framework for the development of democracy
(4) emphasize the importance of life after death

14. The code of Hammurabi is an example of
(1) written rules for legal procedures
(2) the power of strong kings to control trade
(3) regulations on the way to conduct wars against neighboring nations
(4)the power of a legislature to veto laws passed by absolute monarchs

15. “If a son has struck his father, they shall cut off his hand. If a nobleman has destroyed the eye of a member of the aristocracy, they shall destroy his eye. . . .”
The idea expressed in this quotation is found in the
(1) Ten Commandments (2) Twelve Tables
(3) Justinian Code (4) Code of Hammurabi

Résultats (Créole haïtien) 1:

1. lalwa• Tèm suivantes sont ansanm de LWA ki te etabli pa sosyete diferan. Yon ansanm de lwa souvan refere li kòm yon KÒD. Yo souvan te konpare pou yonn ak lòt nan Egzamen Regents Global an.-Kòd de Hammurabi (Babilòn lan) - dis kòmandman yo-Douz tab - kòd Justinien an -bay poto ki soutni anperè Asoka --kòd -Qin dinasti legalism• An jeneral, ekzamen Regents Global an a pa fè referans a atik yo sou lis sa a tou senpleman tankou "lwa." Descriptions suivant yo te itilize au:-yo te etabli standa legal - yo kreye yon sosyete estab-yo sont règles de konpòtman - yo ap ekri sistèm legal -yo te founi sa ki ekri yon ansanm de lwa - yo te etabli pwensip legal -se Standard sistèm de lwa yo ye -yo ap ekri règ sou pwosedi legal yo• Kòd Hammurabi te yon pi gwo kontribisyon pou devlòpman civilisation paske li ekri kòmandman ki ekziste pou tout moun wè.• Konnen ke site suivant la soti nan kòd Hammurabi: “...Si yon moun ki frape sou dan yon moun menm pozisyon, dan li dwe ap frape. Si l te frape sou dan yon plebeian (commoner), li dwe peye yon tyè nan yon mina fèt an ajan."Site sa a montre ke lwa pafwa une ant klas sosyal.• Hammurabi kòd de lwa Et Qin dinasti legalism yo menm jan an sa a tou de monte lide ki di peines pou krim yo pral mennen yon sosyete pi ordonné.• Kòd Justinien a te sèvi kòm yon modèl pou sistèm legal Ewopeyen yo.++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++1. yon sèl chemen kòd Hammurabi, douz tab ak kòd Justinien a gen menm jan an se sa chak (1) croyances monotheistic légalisée (2) te etabli standa legal(3) te founi dosye aktivite ekonomik (4) en gouvènman Repibliken yo2. vous yon moun te detwi je yon moun lib, je nan tèt li pou kont li pral detwi. Vous yon nonm ki te frape sou dan yon moun menm pozisyon, dan li dwe ap frape. Règleman sa yo fèt sou baz la (1) analects de Confucius (2) kòd de Hammurabi (3) Coran dis kòmandman yo (4) (ce) 3. poto yo de Asoka anperè anpi Mauryan an ak tout kòd de Hammurabi de lavil Babilòn yo ki sanble la (1) ziggurats de Sumeria (2) kat pwojèksyon yo de Mercator(3) devinèt gwo de tab douz moun peyi Lejip (4) yo women4.... "si yon moun ki frape sou dan yon moun menm pozisyon, dan li dwe ap frape. Si l te frape sou dan yon plebeian (commoner), li dwe peye yon tyè nan yon mina fèt an ajan."Rekòt kafe/zaboka — kòd de Hammurabi Deklarasyon ki te sipòte pa sa a extrait de Hammurabi an kòd de lwa?(1) tout moun ki egal-ego anba lalwa Moyiz la. (2) yon amand sont préférable pinisyon. (3) lwa pafwa une ant klas sosyal. (4) vyolans dwe toujou être te pini avèk vyolans. 5. la kòd Justinien konsidere kòm yon mache paske li (1) konsève anpil ansyen Chinwa legal décrets ekri (2) a kòm yon egzanp pou sistèm legal Ewopeyen yo (3) est premye konstitisyon demokratik (4) inite Mizilman ak sitwayen women que 106-106. la kòd de Hammurabi te yon pi gwo kontribisyon pou devlòpman civilisation paske li (1) trete sitwayen Et èsklav egal-ego (2) est tout pinisyon(3) lwa ki ekziste anrejistre pou tout moun wè (4) te rejete pwensip devosyon fwatènèl 7. yon sèl chemen nan douz tab ak kòd Justinien an te gen menm jan an se ke tou de te founi (1) yon sistèm Standard de lwa (2) yon mwayen pou ede sosyal egalite(3) a libète pou pouswiv pwòp relijyon (4) dwa pou yon edikasyon piblik8. Hammurabi an kòd de lwa Et Qin dinasti legalism yo sanble sa a tou de monte lide sa (1) sèvis de lidè yo pwal kenbe pouvwa a yon anpi (2) yon ransèyman citoyens ap ede viv ak kè poze ak pwosperite(3) egalite pèp la, ki se pi gwo objektif li ki se gouvènman an(4) dure peines pou krim yo ap mennen a yon sosyete pi ordonné9. Hammurabi an kòd, dis kòmandman yo, ak douz tab yo te tout gwo pou sosyete yo paske yo te etabli (1) relijyon (2) ofisyèl gouvènman demokratik(3) règles de sistèm ekonomik konpòtman (4)10. la kòd de Hammurabi, douz tab yo te fèt pou(1) kreye yon kout kouto solid sosyete (2) pwomouvwa pacifique relasyon li ak lòt reyinifikasyon (3) bay yon ankadreman pou devlòpman demokratik (4) Sur la anpil enpòtans ki bay lavi apwè lanmò14. a kòd de Hammurabi se yon ekzanp de (1) ekri règ sou pwosedi legal yo(2) a pouvwa gwo chèf pou kontwole komès (3) règleman sou fason pou ou kondwi a lagè ak voisins nasyon (4) pouvwa lejislatif yon pou l te poze vito lwa yo te fè pase rois absoli 15. "si yon pitit gason te a papa l, yo pral koupe men l. Si yon nobleman te detwi je de yon manb nan aristokrasi a, yo pral detwi je l.... " Lide a te rapòte nan guillemets sa a te twouve nan a (1) tab dis kòmandman yo douzmil (2) (3) kòd Hammurabi nan kòd Justinien (4)

Résultats (Créole haïtien) 2:

1. Lwa
• tèm sa yo se kouche nan LWA etabli pa sosyete diferan. Yon seri lwa souvan refere yo kòm yon kòd. Yo yo souvan konpare ak youn ak lòt nan egzamen an Global Regents.
- Kòd Hammurabi (nan lavil Babilòn) - Dis kòmandman yo
- Douz Tab yo - Kòd Jistinyen an
- poto yo nan Anperè Asoka - Kòd Napoleon
- Qin dinasti juridism • Anjeneral, Global la Egzamen Regents pa pral refere ak atik yo sou lis sa a tou senpleman kòm deskripsyon sa yo yo te itilize olye pou "lwa yo.": - yo etabli estanda legal - yo kreye yon sosyete ki estab - yo yo se kèk règ ki nan konpòtman - yo ekri sistèm legal - yo bay yon seri ekri nan lwa - yo etabli prensip legal - yo sistèm estanda nan lwa - yo ekri règ pou pwosedi legal • Kòd Hammurabi te yon gwo kontribisyon nan devlopman an nan sivilizasyon paske li anrejistre ki deja egziste lwa pou tout moun wè. • Konnen ke quote ki anba la a soti nan Kòd la Hammurabi: "... Si yon moun frape soti dan yo nan yon nonm nan ran a menm, dan pwòp tèt li yo dwe frape soti. Si li te frape soti dan yo nan yon plebeian (Commoner), li va peye yon tyè nan yon mina an ajan. " quote sa a demontre ke lwa pafwa fè distenksyon ant klas sosyal. • Kòd Hammurabi a nan lwa ak Qin dinasti juridism yo menm jan an nan ke tou de ankouraje lide ki fè konnen pinisyon piman bouk pou krim ap mennen nan yon sosyete plis lòd. • Kòd Jistinyen an te sèvi kòm yon modèl pou sistèm legal Ewopeyen an. ++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1. Yon fason Kòd la Hammurabi, Douz Tab yo, ak Kòd Jistinyen sanble sèke chak (1) legalize kwayans monoteyis (2) estanda legal ki etabli (3) bay dosye nan aktivite ekonomik (4) sipòte gouvènman repibliken 2. • Si yon moun detwi je a nan yon nonm gratis, va je pwòp tèt li dwe detwi. • Si yon moun frape soti dan yo nan yon nonm nan ran a menm, dan pwòp tèt li yo dwe frape soti. règ sa yo baze sou (1) Analects nan Confucius (2) Kòd la Hammurabi (3) Dis kòmandman (4) Koran (Qur'an) 3. Poto yo nan Anperè Asoka nan Anpi Mauryan ak Kòd la Hammurabi Babilòn lan ki pi sanble ak (1) ziggurats yo nan Sumeria (2) kat jeyografik projections de Mercator (3) Gran sfenks moun peyi Lejip yo (4) Douz Tab nan Women yo 4. . . . "Si yon moun frape soti dan yo nan yon nonm nan ran a menm, dan pwòp tèt li yo dwe frape soti. Si li te frape soti dan yo nan yon plebeian (Commoner), li va peye twazyèm yon sèl- nan yon mina an ajan. ". . . - Kòd Hammurabi ? Ki deklarasyon ki se sipòte pa ekstrè sa a nan kòd Hammurabi a nan lwa . (1) Tout moun yo egal anba lalwa a (2) Amann yo pi preferab ke pinisyon fizik. (3) pafwa lalwa fè distenksyon ant klas sosyal. (4 ) Vyolans dwe toujou dwe pini ak vyolans. 5. Kòd la Jistinyen ki konsidere kòm yon etap enpòtan paske li (1) konsève anpil ansyen dekrè legal Chinwa yo ekri (2) te sèvi kòm yon modèl pou sistèm legal Ewopeyen an (3) te vin premye konstitisyon demokratik la (4) ini Mizilman ak Women te panse 106-10 6. Kòd Hammurabi te yon gwo kontribisyon nan devlopman an nan sivilizasyon paske li (1) sitwayen trete ak esklav menm jan (2) te fini tout pinisyon fizik (3) anrejistre lwa ki deja egziste pou tout moun ka wè (4) rejte prensip la nan pyete filyal 7 . Yon fason Douz Tab yo ak Kòd Jistinyen an te sanble sèke toulède bay (1) yon sistèm estanda nan lwa (2) yon mwayen pou reyalize egalite sosyal (3) libète a yo pouswiv relijyon pwòp yo (4) dwa a yon edikasyon piblik 8. Kòd Hammurabi a nan lwa ak Qin dinasti juridism yo menm jan an nan ke tou de ankouraje lide ki fè konnen (1) adore nan lidè pral kenbe pouvwa a nan yon anpi (2) yon sitwayen enfòme pral ede kenbe lapè ak pwosperite (3) egalite nan moun yo se objektif la ki pi enpòtan nan gouvènman an (4) pinisyon piman bouk pou krim ap mennen nan yon sosyete plis lòd 9. Kòd Hammurabi a, Dis kòmandman yo, ak Douz Tab yo tout te enpòtan nan sosyete yo paske yo etabli (1) gouvènman demokratik (2) relijyon ofisyèl (3) règ ki nan konpòtman (4) sistèm ekonomik 10. Kòd Hammurabi ak Douz Tab yo te fèt yo (1) kreye yon sosyete ki estab (2) ankouraje relasyon lapè ak lòt kilti (3) bay yon kad pou devlopman demokrasi (4) mete aksan sou enpòtans ki genyen nan lavi apre lanmò 14. Kòd Hammurabi ki se yon egzanp (1) règ alekri pou pwosedi legal (2) pouvwa a nan wa fò nan kontwole komès (3) règleman sou wout la yo ka fè lagè kont nasyon vwazen (4) pouvwa a nan yon lejislati mete veto sou lwa te pase pa monak absoli 15. "Si gen yon pitit gason frape papa l ', y'a koupe men l'. Si yon gwo fonksyonè leta detwi je a nan yon manm nan aristokrasi a, y'a detwi je l 'yo. . . ". Se lide a eksprime nan sitasyon sa a yo te jwenn nan (1) Dis kòmandman (2) Douz Tab (3) Kòd Jistinyen (4) Kòd la Hammurabi