1. Which statement expresses an ide

1. Which statement expresses an idea of the Enlightenment?
a. The king is sacred and answers only to God.
b. History is a continuous struggle between social classes.
c. Those who are the most fit will survive and succeed.
d. All individuals have natural rights.

2. One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that
a. absolute monarchies should continue
b. the punishment should fit the crime
c. individual rights should be denied
d. governments should be based on the consent of the people
3. According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to
a. protect natural rights b. fight territorial wars
c. ensure the wealth of citizens d. redistribute land 107-18

4. Base your answer to the following question on the statements below and on your knowledge of social studies.
“. . . The Laws ought to be so framed, as to secure the Safety of every
Citizen as much as possible. . . . The Equality of the Citizens consists in
this; that they should all be subject to the same Laws. . . .”
— Documents of Catherine the Great, W.F.Reddaway, ed.

These ideas of Catherine the Great of Russia originated during the
a. Age of Exploration b. Age of Enlightenment
c. Protestant Reformation d. French Rev.

5. Locke’s Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau’s The Social Contract, and Montesquieu’s The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?
a. Middle Ages b. Renaissance c. Enlightenment d. Reformation

6. One similarity in the rule of Julius Caesar, Genghis Khan, and Catherine the Great is that each leader
a. required the use of Latin throughout the empire
b. engaged in territorial expansion
c. introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare
d. encouraged the spread of independence movements

7. Which period of history had the greatest influence on the Enlightenment ideas of natural law and reason?
a. Pax Romana b. Middle Ages c. Age of Exploration d. Scientific Rev.

8. The Enlightenment and the American Revolution were both major influences on 19th century uprisings in
a. Latin America b. the Middle East c. Vietnam d. Japan

9. “. . . Finally, gather together all that we have said, so great and so august
[important], about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under
one man: you have seen his sacred power, paternal and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you will have the idea of majesty of kingship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection consists the majesty of the prince. ..” — Jacques-Benigne Bossuet

Which concept is associated with this quotation?
a. direct democracy b. imperialism c. socialism d. divine right

10. Which individual most likely opposed the form of government described in this quotation?
a. Ivan the Terrible b. Thomas Hobbes c. John Locke d. Louis XIV

11. Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by
a. relying on faith and divine right
b. borrowing ideas from ancient Greece and Rome
c. applying reason and the laws of nature
d. studying the practices of successful leaders Cities of 100,000 to 300,000 people

12. Which idea became a central belief of the Enlightenment?
a. The use of reason would lead to human progress.
b. Mathematics could be used to solve all human problems.
c. The ancient Romans had the best form of government.
d. People should give up their natural rights to their rulers.

13. One way in which Alexander II, Catherine the Great, and Boris Yeltsin played similar roles in Russian history was that they
a. led communist revolutions b. encouraged reforms
c. were subjects of Stalinist purges d. supported territorial expansion

14. The ideas of Rousseau, Voltaire, and Montesquieu most influenced
a. the growing power of priests in the Roman Catholic Church
b. improvements in the working conditions of factory workers
c. the rise of industrial capitalism d. movements for political reform

Résultats (Créole haïtien) 1:

1. ki deklarasyon exprime yon lide Lumières la? Aiyalam wa a sakre epi li reponn sèlman pou Bondye. b istwa se yon batay kontinyèl ant klas sosyal. c tout moun ki va pi anfòm a survivre epi reyisi. d. tout moun gen dwa natirèl.2. yon kontribisyon an John Locke fè Filozofi Lumières pou li te genyen lide sa Aiyalam absoli Monaki ki ta dwe kontinye b la peine ta dwe s' krim ta dwe refize dwa endividyèl c gouvènman. d yo ta dwe baze sou konsantman de pèp la3. selon John Locke, chèf wòl gouvènman an ki te pou Aiyalam pwoteje lagè tèritoryal b batay dwa natirèl c asire ke tout richès ki nan sitwayen. d redistribuer peyi 107-184. baz repons ou suivant keksyon sou deklarasyon yo pi ba pase ak sou konesans ou de etid sosyal. “. . . Lwa devrait pou se konsa lavil, tankou asire sekirite chak Sitwayen pase plis ke posib.... Egalite tout sitwayen se nan . yo ta tou sa mwen dwe tonbe anba mezi menm lòd.... " — Documents de Catherine la Grande, W.F.Reddaway, ed.Ide sa yo Catherine a gwo peyi Lawisi Walden nan fè aparisyon pandan de la Aiyalam laj de eksplorasyon b laj de Lumières c Réforme Protèstan. d Fwansè fevriye.5. Locke a de diskisyon yo gouvènman an, Rousseau a a kontra sosyal ak Montesquieu a lespri lalwa yo te fè sa te ekri pandan peryòd tan ki gen? Aiyalam Mwayenaj renesans b c Lumières d. Réforme6. yon similitude nan t' ap mache sou Julius Caesar, Genghis Khan ak Catherine grannèg ki se lidè chak Aiyalam requis utiliser de Latin atravè anpi an b ki te angaje l nan ekspansyon tèritoryal c a itilize à nan gè d. ankouraje gaye mouvman endepandans yo de7. ki peryòd istwa a la plus enfliyanse kòripsyon nan lide Lumières yo de lwa natirèl Et pourquoi? Aiyalam Pax Romana (provens) b Mwayenaj c laj de fevriye syantifik eksplorasyon. d.8. a Lumières ak revolisyon amerikèn lan te tou de gwo yo ki sou ont 19 syèk lan nan Aiyalam b nan Amerik Latin lan Mwayen Oryan c Vyetnam. d Japon 9. “. . . Finalman, sanble tout sa nou te di, se konsa gwo Et se konsa out [enpòtan], sou otorite wayal. Nou te wè yon gwo nasyon nan anbayon sèl moun, nou te wè pouvwa sakre, kote papa Et absoli: ou wè poutèt sekrè sa ki dirige politic kò a, mete andedan nan yon sèl chèf, ou wè imaj Bondye wa nan, epi nou p'ap mete nan tèt de majesté de kingship. Bondye se sainteté tèt li, merci tèt li, pouvwa li menm, se sak tèt li. Nan bagay sa yo se Bondje kap majesté a. Nan refleksyon yo se majesté de lizyè. .. "— Bossuet Jacques-BenigneKonsèp ki asosye avèk guillemets sa a? Aiyalam dirèk demokrasi l' b c sosyalis d. divine dwa10. plis ke ki moun ki te opoze fòm gouvènman an te dekri nan guillemets sa a? Aiyalam Ivan a ase rale mennen vini b Thomas Hobbes c. John Locke d Louis XIV 11. philosophes peryòd Lumières la te kwè ke sosyete a te kapab meyè pou amelyore pa Aiyalam repoze yo sou konfyans nan Bondye ak dwa divine b emprunt lide ansyen grès Et Ròm c aplike raison Et mache dapre lòd natid. etidye pwatik de siksè lidè vil yo de 100,000 300,000 pèp 12. ki idée est yon santral kwè de Lumières la? Aiyalam itilize rezon ki ta mennen a pwogrè imen. b matematik te kapab itilize pou rezoud pwoblèm tout moun yo. c ansyen women te gen pi bon fòm gouvènman an. d. moun ta dwe bay dwa natirèl yo genyen pou chèf yo. 13. yon sèl chemen nan ki Alexander II, Catherine grannèg, ak Boris Yeltsin te jwe wòl yo menm jan an nan istwa Lawisi te genyen sa yo Aiyalam te mennen refòm ankouraje w kominis tours b c sont sujets de Stalinis purges d. en tèritoryal ekspansyon 14. ide Rousseau, Voltaire, ak Montesquieu te enfliyanse tèren ki pi Aiyalam kap grandi tou prèt nan legliz Katolik Romèn b amelyorasyon nan kondisyon travay yo de travayè faktori yo c ogmantasyon moun kapitalis endistriyèl. d mouvements pou refòm politik